Roman Imperialism
The birth of Imperialism had started in Rome. Under Julius Cesar, the empire had constantly been going to war and has been fighting there whole era. Eventually their empire would fall apart due to strange emperors such as Nero, who had punished Christians because of the fire in Rome, and Caligula who just murdered whoever crossed him. However, the empire is still known till this day.
Two sons are born
Rome was first founded around 800 B.C.E. . Their original ancestors were the Latins that had migrated to Italy. It was said that two brothers Remus and Romulus were the first to find the city of Rome. However some of the ancient Romans had highly regarded the tale because of their father who was Mars, the Roman war god and Rhea Silvia a mythical mother. Numitor is the maternal grandfather of Romulus and Remus, he was the king of Alba Longa which was located in Modern Day Central-Italy. He had a brother named Amulius that hates him with every bone in his body. Amulius has the chance of killing the twins at one point but does not succeed because of events that lead them out of death's grasp. They are first given to a she-wolf, then to a shepherd. After many years of hard labor and work they grow with, the shepherd had told them their true identities. So for revenge they kill Amulius and restore Numitor's power back to his rightful throne.
Remus and Romulus had then lust for the creation of a city. However where would this city be located? They had decided that no matter what the city should be located by the Tiber river. There was also several villages that had been civilized as well. The decision however was where they should put in near the Tiber River. Romulus had wanted to put the city on the Palatine hill, and Remus which to put the city on Aventine hill. To decide which hill to put the city on, they had asked the Augur. The Augur was a the modern priest that we have today. The Augur had favorited Romulus choice. In the end, Remus will be killed by his traitorous brother.
Remus and Romulus had then lust for the creation of a city. However where would this city be located? They had decided that no matter what the city should be located by the Tiber river. There was also several villages that had been civilized as well. The decision however was where they should put in near the Tiber River. Romulus had wanted to put the city on the Palatine hill, and Remus which to put the city on Aventine hill. To decide which hill to put the city on, they had asked the Augur. The Augur was a the modern priest that we have today. The Augur had favorited Romulus choice. In the end, Remus will be killed by his traitorous brother.
The city's beginning
To begin the 500 year ruling state of Europe, they had chose a republic as their original government. A republic was a government set up for the citizens to choose officials and actions to be taken by the government. This government contains many positions.
The Classes:
Patricians: Members of the land-holding upper class. The patricians had took most of the positions in government. They composed of 300 members. Patricians could be Quaestors, Consuls, Censors, and Praetors. To be a Patrician, you had to definitely be in the upper class, having land and having successful business.
Plebeians: Plebeians were the farmers, merchants, and artisans who made up most of the population, they had made up most of the population and had the legal rights of citizenship, but little influence. Before, Patricians were the only people that could hold government positions. Plebeians had demanded power, in return they had gained the right to elect officials, or tribunes. Plebeians also later developed The Laws of twelve Tables. Plebeians can be Aediles, and be in the Tribune of the Plebs.
Patrician Positin:
Censor: The Censors had maintained the official list of Roman citizens. The Censors had maintained people's taxes, properties, and morale behavior (obeying the The Laws of the Twelve Tables). They held a lot of authority in the government. Censors had a 5 year term in office.
Consuls: The Consuls were the joint head of state. They have the power to veto decisions that the government could decide. At first it could only be Patricians to have this power, then around 367 B.C.E Plebeians could have this power after praetorship. Consuls also had the power to command the Army of what to do. The Consuls had only 1 year in office.
Praetor: The Praetors were judicial workers who had made decision over ownership of property, investment deals, and more. They had a lot of authority in the government. The Praetors had also replaced the consuls if they were absent. Also Praetors had planned and was in production of most of the games as well. They served for 1 year.
Quaestor: Quaestor had looked over finances and military in the government.
Plebeian Positions:
Tribune of Plebs: The tribune had voice for the Plebeians. They had taken a meeting of all the Plebeians and discuss issues that the government could have fixed. After deciding they would take there cases to the government. They had no military power at all, it's sole power was it's political power. The tribune was made up of 10 Plebeians.
Aedile: Aedile (not adele) were Plebeians that had oversaw the city, distributed grain, and ran public games. When overseeing the city they would restore temples, structures and buildings in Rome. The Plebeians also had the power of vetoing a law, decision, bill, etc.
The Classes:
Patricians: Members of the land-holding upper class. The patricians had took most of the positions in government. They composed of 300 members. Patricians could be Quaestors, Consuls, Censors, and Praetors. To be a Patrician, you had to definitely be in the upper class, having land and having successful business.
Plebeians: Plebeians were the farmers, merchants, and artisans who made up most of the population, they had made up most of the population and had the legal rights of citizenship, but little influence. Before, Patricians were the only people that could hold government positions. Plebeians had demanded power, in return they had gained the right to elect officials, or tribunes. Plebeians also later developed The Laws of twelve Tables. Plebeians can be Aediles, and be in the Tribune of the Plebs.
Patrician Positin:
Censor: The Censors had maintained the official list of Roman citizens. The Censors had maintained people's taxes, properties, and morale behavior (obeying the The Laws of the Twelve Tables). They held a lot of authority in the government. Censors had a 5 year term in office.
Consuls: The Consuls were the joint head of state. They have the power to veto decisions that the government could decide. At first it could only be Patricians to have this power, then around 367 B.C.E Plebeians could have this power after praetorship. Consuls also had the power to command the Army of what to do. The Consuls had only 1 year in office.
Praetor: The Praetors were judicial workers who had made decision over ownership of property, investment deals, and more. They had a lot of authority in the government. The Praetors had also replaced the consuls if they were absent. Also Praetors had planned and was in production of most of the games as well. They served for 1 year.
Quaestor: Quaestor had looked over finances and military in the government.
Plebeian Positions:
Tribune of Plebs: The tribune had voice for the Plebeians. They had taken a meeting of all the Plebeians and discuss issues that the government could have fixed. After deciding they would take there cases to the government. They had no military power at all, it's sole power was it's political power. The tribune was made up of 10 Plebeians.
Aedile: Aedile (not adele) were Plebeians that had oversaw the city, distributed grain, and ran public games. When overseeing the city they would restore temples, structures and buildings in Rome. The Plebeians also had the power of vetoing a law, decision, bill, etc.
Roman imperialism
It all started when the Punic Wars were taking place. In the Punic Wars, Rome was fighting Carthage, a city in modern day Spain. The Punic Wars had expanded over three major Wars.
The first war, Roman had defeated Carthage. This marks the first countries they gain: Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.
The Second war was to gain revenge against Rome. The Carthaginians had rode with elephants into the Pyrenees, France, and over the mountains in Italy. A third of the army had died by the time they reached Rome. For 15 years, they had destroyed Italy in every manner. 1 city stood however, it was Rome.
The last war, Rome had destroyed Carthage and whoever survived the war was either 1) a slave to the roman empire or 2) a dead man. The Romans were so ruthless they poured salt into the lands so that nothing would ever grow again in the country. This marks the birth of Roman Imperialism.
To begin, in 500 B.C.E. Rome had owned just little of Central Italy. Then by 44 B.C.E. they own land that stretches from the western coast of Spain to Syria marking over 2,800 mile stretch from west to east.
Times were good if you had a government position. Riches such as gold, jewelry, diamonds etc. were brought from the cities and countries that were conquered. Wealthy Families had bought large farming estates called latifundias. They would work the people of the conquered countries on the latifundias. This hurt small farm owners however because they could not have produced produce as cheaply. The latifundias are only a example of what destroy the Roman Imperialism in the future.
For now, the republic goes into decline because of several civil wars over the poor and rich. Not only that, several senates had killed waves of people that had followed several reformers that tried to resolve the issue between the conflicting classes. In return, the emergency dictator was put in charge. The Dictator could have done whatever he wanted to do in the government.
Julius Caesar is the dictator. He was a military commander who was also friends with Pompey a general of the army. Together they conquered Gaul which is the area of modern day France and Belgium. Pompey was later feared of Julius and he turned the Roman army on Julius. However Julius was smart and made his army that was in Gaul go back to Italy. More civil war had erupt.
In the end, Julius Caesar dies from being stabbed by the senates and after Caesar they switch from a dying republic to a glorified empire.
Augustus had started as the first emperor of Rome. In his position he had made a high level enforcement agency of Rome and other countries so no civil war would break out. He then also allow countries that were being ruled to have self government. August had created a census, a population count that helped the emperor find out who should be taxed. The government was well stable for over 200 years.
One problem had stood in the way and that was what will happen after Augustus's death. This problem lingered on for the rest of the empire. Nero had blamed fires being created by Christians and caused a genocide in Rome. Caligula was insane, he appointed a horse as a consul. Which technically is not even considered a Patrician (LOL).
However there were good emperors like Hadrian who codified Roman law and Aurelius had read philosophy and lead the wars, he even meditated. During these emperors Pax Romana, known for as Roman peace, had kept the city stable. Entertainment such as Chariot races, Gladiator contest and the Greek Olympics.
The first war, Roman had defeated Carthage. This marks the first countries they gain: Sicily, Sardinia and Corsica.
The Second war was to gain revenge against Rome. The Carthaginians had rode with elephants into the Pyrenees, France, and over the mountains in Italy. A third of the army had died by the time they reached Rome. For 15 years, they had destroyed Italy in every manner. 1 city stood however, it was Rome.
The last war, Rome had destroyed Carthage and whoever survived the war was either 1) a slave to the roman empire or 2) a dead man. The Romans were so ruthless they poured salt into the lands so that nothing would ever grow again in the country. This marks the birth of Roman Imperialism.
To begin, in 500 B.C.E. Rome had owned just little of Central Italy. Then by 44 B.C.E. they own land that stretches from the western coast of Spain to Syria marking over 2,800 mile stretch from west to east.
Times were good if you had a government position. Riches such as gold, jewelry, diamonds etc. were brought from the cities and countries that were conquered. Wealthy Families had bought large farming estates called latifundias. They would work the people of the conquered countries on the latifundias. This hurt small farm owners however because they could not have produced produce as cheaply. The latifundias are only a example of what destroy the Roman Imperialism in the future.
For now, the republic goes into decline because of several civil wars over the poor and rich. Not only that, several senates had killed waves of people that had followed several reformers that tried to resolve the issue between the conflicting classes. In return, the emergency dictator was put in charge. The Dictator could have done whatever he wanted to do in the government.
Julius Caesar is the dictator. He was a military commander who was also friends with Pompey a general of the army. Together they conquered Gaul which is the area of modern day France and Belgium. Pompey was later feared of Julius and he turned the Roman army on Julius. However Julius was smart and made his army that was in Gaul go back to Italy. More civil war had erupt.
In the end, Julius Caesar dies from being stabbed by the senates and after Caesar they switch from a dying republic to a glorified empire.
Augustus had started as the first emperor of Rome. In his position he had made a high level enforcement agency of Rome and other countries so no civil war would break out. He then also allow countries that were being ruled to have self government. August had created a census, a population count that helped the emperor find out who should be taxed. The government was well stable for over 200 years.
One problem had stood in the way and that was what will happen after Augustus's death. This problem lingered on for the rest of the empire. Nero had blamed fires being created by Christians and caused a genocide in Rome. Caligula was insane, he appointed a horse as a consul. Which technically is not even considered a Patrician (LOL).
However there were good emperors like Hadrian who codified Roman law and Aurelius had read philosophy and lead the wars, he even meditated. During these emperors Pax Romana, known for as Roman peace, had kept the city stable. Entertainment such as Chariot races, Gladiator contest and the Greek Olympics.
The eND OF rOME
After Aurelius had died, Roman peace would fall and go back to a decline. Emperors were thrown off the throne from generals who wanted to seize the army for their own ambitious reasons.
Economically, Emperor Diocletian had divided Rome in to two parts. He kept the wealthy class in the east and the middle/poor classes on the west. There was also another emperor for the western side in order to keep Rome stable. However Diocletian creates inflation and charges more for different services. This applied to both sides of Rome. This was meant to keep the production of food steady and other goods steady as well.
Reforms were made my Emperor Constantine. The first reform gave toleration to all Christians and the second reform had established a new capital at Byzantium which is now known as Constantinople.
Immigrants had also attacked Rome as well. The Huns migrated from central Asia and aimed for eastern Europe. They had reached and took over Germany by 370 C.E.. Rome was then forced to give off Britain, France and Spain to the Huns.
Rome was then sacked for the first time in almost a thousand years. They had many new invaders begin to attack the borders of Rome with all their power. In 410, the Germanic general known as Alaric successfully plundered Rome, marking the end of Roman Imperialism.
Economically, Emperor Diocletian had divided Rome in to two parts. He kept the wealthy class in the east and the middle/poor classes on the west. There was also another emperor for the western side in order to keep Rome stable. However Diocletian creates inflation and charges more for different services. This applied to both sides of Rome. This was meant to keep the production of food steady and other goods steady as well.
Reforms were made my Emperor Constantine. The first reform gave toleration to all Christians and the second reform had established a new capital at Byzantium which is now known as Constantinople.
Immigrants had also attacked Rome as well. The Huns migrated from central Asia and aimed for eastern Europe. They had reached and took over Germany by 370 C.E.. Rome was then forced to give off Britain, France and Spain to the Huns.
Rome was then sacked for the first time in almost a thousand years. They had many new invaders begin to attack the borders of Rome with all their power. In 410, the Germanic general known as Alaric successfully plundered Rome, marking the end of Roman Imperialism.